The title Marquess Curzon of Kedleston was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1921 for the Foreign Secretary George Nathaniel Curzon, the then 1st Earl Curzon of Kedleston. The title became extinct upon his death four years later.
Curzon was created Baron Curzon of Kedleston in 1898 upon his appointment as Viceroy of India. This title was in the Peerage of Ireland, as it would not then hold a seat in the House of Lords, leaving the titleholder free to stand for election to the House of Commons. Curzon was already heir to the Barony of Scarsdale, but held this title in his own right. In 1911 he was created Earl Curzon of Kedleston. He was also created Baron Ravensdale and the title Viscount Scarsdale, though the Scarsdale Barony remained with his father. However in 1916, on his fathers death, he inherited that Barony also. In 1921 Curzon was created Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, with the subsidiary title Earl of Kedleston, in the County of Derby.
Upon Lord Curzon of Kedleston's death, in 1925, the Marquessate, Earldom and Barony of Curzon of Kedleston and the Earldom of Kedleston became extinct. The Viscountcy and Barony of Scarsdale were inherited by his heir male, a nephew, while the Barony of Ravensdale was inherited by his eldest daughter, Lady Irene Curzon.